Thailand Continues Cross‑Border Attacks on Cambodia After ASEAN Peace Effort Falters
Renewed fighting between Thailand and Cambodia has persisted along their shared 817‑kilometer border, even as ASEAN diplomats work to revive peace efforts.
According to local reports, Thai forces have stepped up artillery shelling and air operations targeting Cambodian border areas, including provinces such as Preah Vihear and Siem Reap. Cambodian authorities say F‑16 fighter jets have carried out strikes on military positions and surrounding areas, contributing to civilian casualties and widespread displacement.
Regional Diplomacy and ASEAN’s Response
The conflict resumed in early December after a previously negotiated ceasefire collapsed, prompting ASEAN foreign ministers to convene a Special Meeting in Kuala Lumpur on December 22, 2025. The meeting sought to defuse tensions and encourage a return to dialogue and a cessation of hostilities.
ASEAN called on both sides to exercise “maximum restraint” and urged an immediate halt to violence. Leaders reaffirmed that the General Border Committee (GBC) — a bilateral mechanism established to manage border disputes — would meet on December 24 to discuss implementation and verification of a ceasefire.
Cambodian officials reiterated their commitment to a peaceful resolution, emphasizing that Cambodia accepted proposals to end the fighting, withdraw forces, and restore civilian safety. Thailand, however, maintained that a ceasefire must be accompanied by concrete actions to address perceived threats and security concerns.
Human and Strategic Costs
Sporadic shelling and airstrikes have forced thousands of civilians to flee across border provinces, with reports of significant damage to homes, infrastructure, and even wildlife in affected areas.
While diplomatic channels remain open, both governments continue to exchange accusations of ceasefire violations, complicating peace efforts. Cambodia insists its actions defend territorial sovereignty, and Thailand asserts it is responding to escalating threats along the frontier.
Outlook
With the GBC meeting underway, ASEAN and international partners are pressing for a ceasefire return and a de‑escalation of hostilities. Diplomats warn that without mutual trust and adherence to negotiated terms, renewed violence could further destabilize the region and undermine ASEAN’s credibility as a conflict‑management body
